1. 苦行主义：全书共分为五个章节,分别是导论(Introduction),苦行主义(Asceticism),幻术师(Thaumaturgy),学术(Scholarship)和结论(Final Reflection). 笔者将先介绍各章重点,然后做一整体性的评论. 在导论中,柯嘉豪首先指出僧传的编纂是朝廷将佛教典籍正典化的重要工程之一,
1. 苦行主义；禁欲主义
Asceticism is a simple, strict way of life with no luxuries or physical pleasures.
1. Another is asceticism that was encouraged by the Chinese Communist Party during the war periods.
noun
1. asceticism
1. rigorous self-denial and active self-restraint
Synonym: ascesis
2. the trait of great self-denial (especially refraining from worldly pleasures)
Synonym: austerity nonindulgence
3. the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state