形容词不由自主的; 无意识做出的，非故意的; 非自愿的，不随意的
形容词voluntary
形容词
1. He gave an involuntary smile.
他勉强笑了笑。
2. Sneezing is involuntary.
打喷嚏是不由自主的。
1. 不随意的：正如前面提及的那样,通过本能活动,我们了解了有目的的(purposive)、不随意的(involuntary)、半冲动的(half impulsive)和半反射的(half reflex)一些情况.
2. 非自愿的：在学校里,学生基本上是一种非自愿的(involuntary)角色,因为学生受法律强制而来到学校. 如同在家庭中处于家长的控制之下一样,学生在学校中处于作为社会代表者的教师控制之下. [11]两者不同的学校社会角色注定了他们不同的利益需求.
3. 不随意：随意(voluntary)和不随意(involuntary)在科学中的应用,最早是生理学,用以描述肌肉活动. 现在,它们已经用于各种心理活动,并且在静态的二分法之上又提出了相对不随意这一新概念. 显然,相对不随意一语更能描述心理的发育和成长;当然,也描述了神经症
4. 非志愿：involuntary 不随意的 | involuntary 非志愿 | involuntary attention 不随意注意
1. 不由自主的;不自觉的
If you make an involuntary movement or exclamation, you make it suddenly and without intending to because you are unable to control yourself.
e.g. Another surge of pain in my ankle caused me to give an involuntary shudder.
脚踝突然又一阵疼痛，痛得我直打哆嗦。
2. involuntary在线翻译
2. 强迫的;非自愿的
You use involuntary to describe an action or situation which is forced on someone.
e.g. ...insurance policies that cover involuntary unemployment...
涵盖非自愿失业的保险单
e.g. Involuntary repatriation of Haitians began this week.
这周已开始将海地人强制遣送回国。
1. \u0064\u0061\u006E\u0063\u0069\u002E\u0039\u0031\u0031\u0063\u0068\u0061\u002E\u0063\u006F\u006D
1. Doctors have said her previous utterances weren't speech, but were involuntary moans consistent with someone in a vegetative state.
2. involuntary的近义词
2. Hiccups are caused by the involuntary spasm of the diaphragm which causes the vocal cords to close very briefly.
3. Most critics remarked that he had violated the professional ethics of a teacher though his involuntary dodging of danger was understandable as a human being.
4. involuntary的翻译
4. The record power usage on Monday and Tuesday had prompted power grid managers to declare an emergency and warn of possible involuntary rolling blackouts.
5. The man - who has been diagnosed as a delusional and paranoid schizophrenic was placed on an involuntary psychiatric hold by Los Angeles police.
6. If convicted of involuntary manslaughter, the two men face up to 10 years in prison.
7. Conrad Murray - who has pleaded not guilty to felony involuntary manslaughter charges - was not among the seven cleared.
8. The actor formerly of the " Prison Break " series pleaded guilty to involuntary manslaughter after a deadly road accident while he was under the influence.
9. Murray denies charges of involuntary manslaughter but faces four years in prison if found guilty.
10. involuntary的反义词
10. Conrad Murray, who has been charged with involuntary manslaughter in the singer's death.