1. 排斥：它不仅包括对个人自利行为的约束,同时鼓励个体从事提供公共品的活动(利己利人).对违反合作规范的惩罚可以区分为作为内在惩罚的内疚(guilt)和作为外在惩罚的羞愧(shame)和排斥(ostracism).公民遵守合作规范的结果,
2. 排斥 排斥：ordinance 法令,条例 法令,条例 | ostracism 排斥 排斥 | outstanding warrant 未执行的逮捕证,仍有效的通缉令 未执行的逮捕证,仍有效的通缉令
3. 放逐：ostracean 牡蛎的 | ostracism 放逐 | ostracize 放逐
4. 放逐驱逐 投贝壳：odyssey喜欢长途冒险 奥得赛 | ostracism放逐驱逐 投贝壳 | panache羽 饰 在头盔上的
1. 排斥；排挤；孤立
Ostracism is the state of being ostracized or the act of ostracizing someone.
e.g. ...those who have decided to risk social ostracism and stay on the wrong side of town.
那些决定冒着遭受社会孤立之险、继续呆在贫民区的人
e.g. ...denunciation, tougher sanctions and ostracism from the civilised world.
来自文明世界的谴责、更加严厉的制裁和排斥
1. Wang returned to China earlier this month after four years of official ostracism.
2. They've been held personally responsible for increasing the social ostracism of the obese.
noun
1. the act of excluding someone from society by general consent
2. the state of being banished or ostracized (excluded from society by general consent)
e.g. the association should get rid of its elderly members--not by euthanasia, of course, but by Coventry
Synonym: banishment Coventry